UGC NET Questions & Instant Answers

Prior IQ is not the treatment or the outcome; it is a potential confound the researcher holds constant — an extraneous variable that has been controlled.

Research begins by identifying the problem, then formulating a hypothesis, then collecting data, and finally analysing and interpreting it: 2 → 1 → 3 → 4.

Simple random sampling is a probability technique in which each unit has an equal, independent chance of selection. The others are $non-probability$ (purposive, quota, snowball) methods.

The revised Bloom’s taxonomy order is Remember → Understand → Apply → Analyse → Evaluate → Create. "Creating" is the highest cognitive level.

Formative evaluation is ongoing, diagnostic feedback during teaching to improve learning. Summative evaluation, by contrast, occurs at the end to certify or grade achievement.

$Problem-based$ learning places students at the centre — actively investigating and solving problems — whereas lecture, demonstration and dictation are $teacher-centred$.

Attacking the person rather than the argument is the ad hominem fallacy. (Straw man misrepresents the argument; petitio principii begs the question; post hoc confuses sequence with cause.)

A sound argument is both valid (the conclusion follows from the premises) AND has all true premises. Validity alone concerns only logical form.

The differences are $4, 6, 8, 10, 12$ (increasing by $2$). $30 + 12 = 42$. Equivalently, the terms are $n(n+1)$: $6\times7 = 42$.

Science students $= 30\%$ of $200 = 60$. Boys $= 60\%$ of $60 = 36$.

A full circle is $360^{\circ}$. $\dfrac{90}{360} \times 100 = 25\%$.

One $byte = 8$ bits. (1 $KB = 1024$ bytes, which is a separate, larger unit.)

Linux is a free, $open-source$ OS whose source code can be freely used and modified. Windows, macOS and iOS are proprietary.

The UGC was established in 1953 and given statutory status through the UGC Act of 1956.

NEP 2020 replaces the old $10+2$ structure with a $5+3+3+4$ design (Foundational, Preparatory, Middle and Secondary stages).

$Non-verbal$ communication conveys meaning without words — through gestures, posture, facial expression, eye contact and tone.

The null hypothesis ($H_0$) asserts no effect or no difference; statistical testing seeks evidence to reject it in favour of the alternative hypothesis.

Each letter shifts forward by one: T→U, E→F, A→B, C→D, H→I. $Applying +1$ to LEARN: L→M, E→F, A→B, R→S, N→O = "MFBSO".

Gordon’s Synectics model fosters creativity by making the "familiar strange and the strange familiar" through direct, personal and $compressed-conflict$ analogies.

The Nyaya syllogism has five members: Pratijna (proposition), Hetu (reason), Udaharana (example), Upanaya (application) and Nigamana (conclusion).